Essay Topics For Grade 7 Students

Essay Topics For Grade 7 StudentsEssay topics for grade 7 students should be in line with the subject and grade ranges. If a student has problems with his writing and understanding or if he is too lazy to read out loud, he will most likely not find it difficult to sit in front of the computer and type a few words. In some cases, he may even believe that this is enough to make an outstanding essay.That is a great thing to be able to say, however, that does not mean the whole topic is not required. There should be an outline in order to avoid writing a monstrosity. Essay topics for grade 7 students need to go into some details as they relate to the topic of the assignment.Essays for grade 7 students should not be lengthy because that can cause it to lose its focus on the topic. There should also be an appropriate number of ideas per paragraph as well as sentences. This will help in creating a good balance of words and sentences.The best way to find essay topics for grade 7 students is to search through the topic. A topic with multiple examples should be more effective than one with no examples. It will also be easier to find good essay topics for grade 7 students when looking through these online resources because all topics should be available.The online resource will also make the topic more interesting by using pictures, charts, graphs, and timelines. They will also include how-to and educational content for grades K-3. Many different ways are available for creating essay topics for grade 7 students. These include:Essays are still the same for grades K-3. The only difference is that there are too many different ways to write them. It is for this reason that these topics have become more important for students.On the other hand, essays will require more time and effort in these grades. To make it up to the children, they should find out what subjects interest them in school. Then, they should write essays about these subjects.The essay topics for grade 7 studen ts should remain the same because this will help them understand how they can improve their skills. They should not feel like they cannot write. On the contrary, they should be encouraged because they have a lot of things to learn. For every child, it will take a little time and effort in order to achieve this goal.

Vietnam and Oliver Stone - 1023 Words

Oliver Stone is best known from his portrayals of Vietnam in film. His movies â€Å"Platoon† and â€Å"Born on the Fourth of July† have won him Academy Awards for best director. These movies not only depicted the violence of war, but also the cultural and psychological issues that the soldiers in these wars had to endure. The majority of his earliest and best known movies center around the Vietnam War. Oliver Stone’s experience in the military gave him a special insight that made his movies feel more authentic and convincing to audiences. These movies portray the struggles that soldiers and veterans of the Vietnam War had to face on and off the battlefield. Platoon is Oliver Stone’s first film portrayal of Vietnam. The film starts off with main†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Born on the Fourth of July† differs from â€Å"Platoon† in that the movie goes more in depth of the struggles many veterans had to overcome after the Vietnam War. Be ing an autobiography, the movie depicts Kovic’s life before the war. On his last night before leaving to the Marines, Kovic confronts a high school sweetheart at prom and has one last dance before departing. During his tour of Vietnam Kovic accidentally shoots and kills a fellow Marine. Feeling Responsible for the death he confesses to his commanding officer who simply tells him to â€Å"Forget it.† Shortly thereafter Kovic is paralyzed from the chest down after he is shot by the enemy. Kovic’s struggle begins when he arrives back in the United States. The military rehabilitation center he is staying at has deplorable conditions, apathetic staff, and absentee doctors. These elements bring focus to the general negative attitude that Americans had towards veterans at the time. â€Å"The U.S. Kovic left behind is unrecognizable, yet as he struggles uselessly to regain control of his body he remains steadfast in his ideas.† (Salewicz 130) Kovic struggles not only to deal with being paralyzed, but also to assimilate back into society. Throughout his struggles he meets fellow veterans along the way who are also having difficulties adjusting. The spotlight on adjusting to society is a common theme among veterans and is still apparent with veterans today. Kovic’s hardshipsShow MoreRelatedThe War Of All Time1288 Words   |  6 PagesTrouble Comes Vietnam War, one of the most controversial war of all time, it is best known as the American War, a war between France who had claimed Vietnam as their territory against the communist forces Viet Minh. The year of 1947 when the Truman Doctrine was passed, to send United State trooped across the globe to oppose any communist force. Also countries gathered in Geneva to issue a peace agreement among French-Indochina and Korea. The Geneva Accords temporarily divided Vietnam along the 17thRead MoreHeaven And Vietnam Film Analysis1355 Words   |  6 PagesThis paper will prove that due to political aspects in both countries America and Vietnam, the Vietnam War occurred leading to devastating political consequences for their nations, both positive and negative. Which Oliver Stone showed very well through his Vietnam trilogy films called Platoon (1986), Born on the Fourth of July (1989), and Heaven and Earth (1993). All three of these Oliver Stone films contain political aspects from different positions of the film, in various diverse ways. Mostly shownRead MoreBorn on the Fourth of July Starring Tom Cruise781 Words   |  3 PagesFor the second film to review, I chose Born on the Fourth of July, which starred Tom Cruise as Ron Kovic, a soldier in the Vietnam War who upon returning to the United States becomes severely disillusioned and against the war in which he had previously been so enthusiastic about entering. I think that this is a film that shows what happened to soldiers when they returned home, from the horrifying conditions of VA medical facilities, the lack of support from the general public as well as the familiesRead More Political Communication in Oliver Stone’s Platoon and JFK Essay4747 Words   |  19 Pagesthis free choice final paper, I decided to analyze Oliver Stone and his two films Platoon and JFK. Oliver Stone, a three-time Academy Award winner and known as one o f the best filmmakers in his generation, ignores Hollywood convention warning against making films with a message. Among some of his great films, he made the two films Platoon and JFK. In Platoon, he presents a gritty and emotional examination of American soldiers during the Vietnam War through the lens of Chris Taylor, a biographicalRead MoreHistorical Events Portrayed During War Films1380 Words   |  6 Pagesof the account of history. Even though feature films aren’t all facts, they should still be credited because they portray the emotions of a historical time period. Oliver stone was an American film director who also served in the Vietnam War for fifteen months. He wanted to share his own experience and point of views about the Vietnam War that he gained first hand. The movie Platoon resembled all his experience that he encountered in Southeast Asia fighting with the Viet Cong. For example, in theRead MoreEssay on Hollywood and the Vietnam War2774 Words   |  12 Pagesoccurred in the mid-20th century shaped the country we live in today and Hollywood began creating films about events at the time. A few common themes for this time period include racism and civil rights, communism, youth culture, musical trends, and the Vietnam War. The film’s director was largely responsible for the accuracy of a movie and, because of freedom of speech, directors were open to presenting these events in the manner that he or she wished. The worldwide audience and popularity of films madeRead MoreMeaning Of Heroism1098 Words   |  5 Pagesstories known b y many people, such as Cinderella, who overcame challenges with a kind heart and good deeds. Although heroes are found all over the world in both real life and imagination, what about them makes them heroic? One individual named Oliver Stone, believes that being a hero involves becoming a better person and that the traits of a hero are seen everywhere, all the time, unnoticed. Another person named Dr. Phineas D. Gurley implies that heroism is shown by a one’s deeds and actions. AltogetherRead MoreJohn F. Kennedy s Assassination1482 Words   |  6 Pageshistorians didn’t think that there was a conspiracy. I have randomly selected three historians who’s names follow: Michael Rivero, Daniel Czitrom, and Oliver Stone. These are three very credible historians, and have done thorough research on President John F. Kennedy’s assassination. I will first start off with historian Oliver Stone. According to Stone, the President’s Commission on the assassination presented their findings to President Lyndon B. Johnson, which concluded the alleged assassin, LeeRead MoreThe Things They Carried by Tim OBrien793 Words   |  3 PagesIn the novel, The Things They Carried, by Tim O’Brien there is an ambiguity assigned to the life of a soldier in the Vietnam war, an ambiguity that represents no clear moral victor, no clear heroes, and seemingly no end. In the movie, Platoon, written and directed by Oliver Stone, the same ambiguity is depicted, with no clear moral direction, no clear heroes, and no clear resolution. In the short story, â€Å"How to Tell a True War Story,† O’Brien talks in great detail about how a true war story, andRead MoreAnalysis of Platoon2185 Words   |  9 Pagesmovie Platoon, the author, Oliver Stone, tells us a story about an American soldier in Vietnam during the war. The sto ry is mostly based on his own experience when he went there. Even though the story is fictional, he keeps it really realistic and the more close possible to what was reality in Vietnam. He shows how that war was hell for the soldiers we sent there and also for the local population. Oliver Stone produced Platoon to show his disapproval of the war in Vietnam, because that war harmed the

Foundations of Psychology Paper - 785 Words

Running Head: FOUNDATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGY PAPER Foundations of Psychology Paper PSY/300 November 7, 2011 Betsy Ferronato Foundations of Psychology Paper * This paper will discuss the major schools of thought in psychology and examine their major underlying assumptions. The paper will also identify the primary biological foundations of psychology linked to behavior. According to our reading in psychology is the scientific investigation of mental processes and behavior. Mental processes include how a person thinks, feels, remembers as well as a person’s behavior. When a doctor needs to understand a person they need to know the person’s biology, psychological experience, and cultural context. What people experience during†¦show more content†¦* * A person’s physical body plays a vital role in how they behave. The nervous system carries signals to and from the brain, the spinal cord, glands, and muscles. Our nerve endings also are stimuli receptors; transmit a signal to the brain. When this happens it causes neurons inside the brain to be activated which produces a reaction. This reaction can be a muscle to contract or relax, or it might be to tell a gland to produce adrenalin it stressed or scared. The genetic make-up of a person will influence how the brain will react to different stimuli. The environment the person was raised in and previous experiences also play a factor. If a person has a disease or has had a brain injury then the signals may not carry as well to the brain or nervous system as well. An example is a person with Multiple sclerosis (M.S.) the signals do not always travel a smooth and straight path from the nervous system to the brain. * Reference: Kowalski, R., amp; Westen, D. (2009). Psychology (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Multiple Sclerosis. (2011). Retrieved on November 7, 2011 from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/multiple-sclerosis/DS00188 Nervous System. (2011). Retrieved on November 7, 2011 fromShow MoreRelatedCognitive PsychologyFINAL PAPER724 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿ Cognitive Psychology Definition Paper Cesar Larios PSY 360 December 1, 2014 Terry Blackmon Cognitive Psychology Definition Paper The human mind is full of complexity, with it we have the ability to breath, have a heartbeat, and also process what we see around us. Many experts in the field of psychology had tried to explain the full complexity of our brain’s actions and thoughts. According to Galotti (2014), cognitive psychology studies our thoughts such as what we perceive, attend, rememberRead MorePsy 300 Complete Course Material a+Work Essay993 Words   |  4 Pagespost your responses in the DQ threads. Then comment on other’s responses in the Main forum. Responses to each question should be at least 200-300 words. PSY 300 Week 1 DQ 2 In what ways do you see psychology used in the environment where you work? PSY 300 Week 1 Individual Foundations of Psychology Paper PSY 300 Week 2 DQs PSY 300 Week 2 DQ 1 How do classical conditioning procedures differ from operant conditioning procedures? How are they similar? In your opinion, which learning process is moreRead MoreFoundations of Psychology747 Words   |  3 PagesFoundations of Psychology L R Juneaux 07/24/2013 PSY/300 Psychology is one of the core studies of the human being, which include investigating of behavior and mental processes. Many processes have to happen before one can even think a single thought. A specific stimulus through sensory organs, nerve interactions, and sorting through the brain are just a few processes that occur. Psychology is one of the most complex areas of study. In this paper, I will identify the major schools of thoughtRead MoreLearning and Cognition Essay1306 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Annotated Bibliography: Foundation for a course Project PSYC 3500; Learning and Cognition U5A1: Annotated Bibliography Capella University November, 2013 Annotated Bibliography: Foundation for a course Project This paper contains an annotated bibliography for a paper which will serve as the final project for a course on the subject of learning and cognition. The paper for which this bibliography was prepared originally was to focus on whetherRead MoreA Reflective Paper On Integration852 Words   |  4 PagesReflective Paper: Integration There will come a day when facing a person who is suffering guilt or shame and their confession will then require a process for helping. The Spirit of Truth must be central in that decision and thus the use of Christian Psychology is my current integrative position. Historic Foundation Understanding human beings according to historic Christianity is a foundation of this view (Johnson, 2010 p. 155). There is evidence of psychology embedded in the wisdom of ScriptureRead MorePersonality Analysis Paper1521 Words   |  7 PagesAllport, â€Å"Personality is about what is unique to the individual, but it is also about what is shared across people† (Allport, 1962). Although there are several approaches to the personality analysis, this paper will specifically focus on the psychodynamic, humanistic and existential approaches. This paper will compare and contrast these theories, explore the characteristics that accompany these theories, and explain the interpersonal relational aspects associated with these particular theories. PsychodynamicRead More The Interrelationship among Self, Others, and Environment1177 Words   |  5 Pagesbiology or environment? Questions such as this form the foundation of social psychology, a field with the primary focus being the systematic study of human cognition, emotion, and actions. Social psychologists seek to understand the way human beings develop thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, as well as, the effect our environment, mainly our interactions with others, has on the formation of these very things. We can divide social psychology into three main categories: self, others, and environmentRead MoreCross-Cultural Psychology1179 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY Cross-Cultural Psychology Charlene Marasco PSY/450 Sally Fleming March 28, 2011 Cross-cultural psychology Cultural psychology is an interdisciplinary program of research that explores the relationship between individual minds and the complex environments in which they are deployed. The approach focuses on theRead MoreEarly Childhood Course At Savannah Technical College Essay1662 Words   |  7 PagesSavannah Technical College there were several theorists introduced in the course that had a major impact on molding the foundation for an understanding of early childhood as a whole. Although the scope covered a broad spectrum of early childhood, majority of the main focus was on early education. The work of Lev Vygotsky greatly influenced the field of early education. This paper will include a brief summary of Vygotsky’s life, a description of his major ideas, and how those ideas impact early educationRead MoreMy Development As A Psychologist1408 Words   |  6 Pagesdevoted half a decade of his early career to parapsychology, publishing innovative research and clearheaded revi ews. He devoted the later part of his career to research in smoking – funded by the tobacco industry. He had a lasting interest in Russian psychology particularly Pavlov and the neo-Pavlovians. A considerable amount of his work is devoted to drawing parallels between Eastern and Western conceptualisations of personality, learning and arousal which culminated in an influential book â€Å"The Biology

The Changing Economy 1865-1939 Essay - 628 Words

The Changing Economy: 1865-1939 The end of the Civil War brought a whole new era of economy, political control, and Presidential intervention. The economy emerged from its agriculturally based economy into a flourishing big business dominated world and eventually in 1929 came crashing down. I agree only partially with the quote The Civil War saw the beginning of an 80-year decline of real individual economic opportunity; nonetheless, the vast majority of Americans continued to profess their belief in individualism as evidenced by the Presidents they elected. Thus, between 1865 and 1939, the majority of Americans accepted big business dominance and rejected all forms of government interference and regulation contrary to†¦show more content†¦The Individualist thinker believes that social, economic and political organization should be put to an end. Between 1865 and 1939 most of the Presidents had large political influences on the country. As this time period in 1865 was beginning, Lincoln was assassina ted and Andrew Johnson became President. Johnson made an attempt at getting political leadership over Congress but failed and was later impeached. Ulysses S. Grant became the next President and the country was then under congressional control. Up until 1985 when Chester Arthur was President the country had fairly tight Presidential leadership. The only true case of Presidents showing Individualist values was at the beginning of the Great Depression under Herbert Hoover. During the Depression Hoover thought the economy would straighten itself out without government intervention. The nation then realized this mentality was not working and Hoover was defeated to Franklin Roosevelt in 1932. Roosevelt was all for government intervention and created the New Deal which would be designed to provide government support to those struggling. From FDR the country adopted a new concept of economic and social regulation from the government. By the early 1940s the economy, under Roosevelts Democratic control, was back to the same standards as before the depression. Between 1865 and 1939 not all Americans accepted big business dominance. In the beginning of this eraShow MoreRelatedApush Dbqs Essay2248 Words   |  9 Pageschanges American agriculture in the period 1865 – 1900. In your answer be sure to evaluate farmers’ responses to these changes. (Form B) In what ways did the administration of Lyndon B. Johnson respond to the political, economic and social problems of the United States? Assess the effectiveness of these responses. Use the documents and your knowledge of the period from 1960-1970 to construct your answer. 2006 DBQ (Form A) Discuss the changing ideals of American womanhood between the AmericanRead More The Problems of American Youth Essay2255 Words   |  10 Pagesbefore that the young man is understood as a teenager. A young person between the ages of 13 and 19 has to deal with the problems of adolescence. Most people experience conflict during this period of their lives. At this time the young people are changing rapidly, both physically and emotionally. Moreover, they are searching for self-identity, which cause some difficulties. As the young people are growing, they are developing their own values of life that often differ from the ones of their parentsRead MoreFinancial Markets6509 Words   |  27 Pagesto be detrimental to the banking and financial system. Many individuals depend on the sound functioning of our banking system in order to pay bills, save, invest, and provide for their future. When banks are unable to fulfill their duties to the economy due to over speculation or poor risk assess ment, it is the role of the regulators to step in and right the ship. Once technology was introduced to the banking world many things changed. Banking and any transactions related to banking had to be doneRead MoreRational Appeasement15291 Words   |  62 Pageshave defended the weaker thesis that policies of conciliation and compromise are rational+ Some have even labeled such compromise strategies â€Å"appeasement+† In an inï ¬â€šuential series of works, Kennedy contended that British foreign policy between 1865 and 1939 embraced a strategy of appeasement on a global scale+5 Appeasement in Kennedy’s deï ¬ nition is â€Å"the policy of settling international ~or, for that matter, domestic! quarrels by admitting and satisfying grievances through rational negotiation andRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageswas enticed by labor recruiters who preyed on the desperately p oor. The prospects for the great majority were almost invariably lives of drudge labor in urban sweatshops, on tropical plantations, or on the wharves of an expansive, global export economy. Throughout the century, advances in human rights, which were spread ever more broadly among different social groups—including women, laborers, INTRODUCTION †¢ 3 ethnic minorities, and gays—made strides that were perhaps greater thanRead MoreEssays for the American Pageant, 14th Ed.11068 Words   |  45 Pagesthere such as tobacco, sugar, and tall masts for ships. Colonists could also provide a market for British goods, particularly manufactured products, such as woolen cloth or beaver hats. This meant that the home economy in England could become more fully developed, while the colonial economies were relegated to a role of supplying raw materials. To insure that the American colonies would contribute to this overall sense of British wealth, various Navigation Acts were passed beginning in 1650Read MoreRevolutionary Changes in the Atlantic World, 1750–185010951 Words   |  44 PagesEuropean nobility (e.g. Catherine the Great of Russia, Frederick the Great of Prussia) patronized Enlightenment thinkers and used Enlightenment ideas as they reformed their bureaucracies, legal systems, tax systems and economies. At the same time, these monarchs suppressed or banned radical ideas that promoted republicanism or attacked religion. 5. Many of the major intellectuals of the Enlightenment communicated with each other and with politicalRead MoreEmilio Jacintos Trading Cooperative19425 Words   |  78 Pagesbenefits, improving their general working conditions, and ensuring job security. Cooperatives do not, as is sometimes assumed, contradict the goals of capitalism. If that were the case, cooperatives would not play such an important role in the American economy. About 48,000 cooperatives, operating in nearly every business sector imaginable, serve 120 million members, or roughly 4 out of 10 Americans.5 The top 100 cooperatives in the United States, ranked by revenue, individually generated at least $346Read MoreHistory of Management Thought Revision17812 Words   |  72 Pagesmilestones, PERT, CPM. e. The New Machine -- a group headed by Gantt to promote the idea that engineers should be industrial leaders. f. Social responsibility -- Gantt s concern that business should not lose sight of its service role in the economy. C. Frank and Lillian Gilbreth 1. Frank -- worked in the construction trades and called his job design motion study. Independent of, but influenced by, Taylor. 2. Lillian -- our First Lady of Management for her accomplishments withRead MoreHealthcare Essay18323 Words   |  74 Pagesbe regarded more as a trade than a profession. It did not require the rigorous course of study, clinical practice, residency training, board exams, or licensing, without which it is impossible to practice today. At the close of the Civil War (1861–1865), â€Å"anyone who had the inclination to set himself up as a physician could do so, the exigencies of the market alone determining who would prove successful in the field and who would not† (Hamowy 1979). The clergy, for example, often combined medical

Rhetoric and Persuasive Speech free essay sample

Is more challenging than Informative because there are deferent points of view on the topic your discussing since It Is that touch on your listeners basic attitudes, values, and beliefs, therefore making it harder. . What does it mean to say that audiences engage in a mental dialogue with the speaker as they listen to a speech? What implications does this mental give-and-take hold for effective persuasive speaking? It means that the audience Is engaged In what the speaker Is trying to convince them to stay or change their idea. The audience understands what the speaker is talking about. 3. What is the target audience for a persuasive speech? The target audience is the portion of the whole audience that the speaker most ants to persuade. 4. What are the questions of fact?How does a persuasive speech on a question of fact Differ from an Informative speech? Give an example of a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of fact? The question of facts is a question(s) about the truth or falsity of an assertion. We will write a custom essay sample on Rhetoric and Persuasive Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The speaker acts as an advocate, not aiming to be impartial, but to present one view of the facts as persuasively as possible. The speaker may mention competing views of the facts, but only to refute them. Whereas an informative speech act as a teacher or structure, not arguing for a particular part 5.What are questions of value? Give an example of a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of value. The question of value is about the worth, rightness, morality, and so forth of an idea or action. An example would be bicycle riding is the ideal form of land transportation. The purpose Is to persuade the audience that It Is Ideal, not mentioning why he Likes It personally. 6. What are questions of policy? Give an example of a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of value.Question of policy are about whether a specific course of action should or should not be taken. An example would be about airport security, rather or not to promote economic growth. For persuasive speeches on questions of policy. The difference from passive agreement to immediate action is that the speaker using passive agreement is trying to convince the audience that a given policy is desirable without encouraging the audience to take action in support of the policy whereas immediate actions goal is to convince the audience to take action in support of the given policy. . What are the three basics issues you must deal with when discussing a question of policy? What will determine the amount of attention you give to each of these issues in any particular speech? The three basic issues you must deal with when you are discussing COP is the need, burden of proof, and plan. What will determine the amount of attention is to provide enough information and to make sure your audience is aware and knows. 9. What four methods of organization are used most often in persuasive speeches on questions of policy?The four methods or organization used most often in recursive speeches are problem-solution order, problem-cause solution order, comparative advantages order, and Monomers motivated sequence. 10. What are the five steps of Monomers motivated sequence? Why is the motivated sequence especially useful in speeches that seek immediate action from listeners? The five steps of MS are the Attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action. MS is useful in speeches because is it more detailed than problem solution order. It follows the process of human thinking and leads the listener step by step to the desired action.

Cross Culture Management

Introduction Culture refers to the system of â€Å"shared attitudes, values, goals and practices that characterizes an institution, organization or a group†. Culture varies from region to region, since people tend to hold different beliefs, values and attitudes across the globe. Thus, cross cultural management refers to the process through which people learn about â€Å"variations of culture, practices, and preferences of an organization’s stakeholders†.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Cross Culture Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The increase in globalization and advancement in technology in the last two decades have created growth opportunities for multinational corporations. As competition increase in domestic markets, multinational firms normally join overseas markets in order to increase their sales and market shares. Firms that operate in foreign markets (countries), us ually serve customers with diverse cultural backgrounds. Additionally, multinational firms usually employ individuals with diverse cultural backgrounds. Managing employees from diverse cultures is a challenge since people tend to think, feel and act differently in different cultures. Besides, effective communication is normally difficult to achieve in an organization with a multicultural workforce. Thus, cross-cultural management attempts to facilitate the creation of an organizational culture that every employee can identify with. The concept of cross cultural management will be discussed in this paper by analyzing the Home Furniture case study. Cross Cultural Management Policy Home furniture is a multinational corporation operating in Europe, Asia, India and America. The company has adopted a polycentric approach to recruit its employees. A polycentric approach involves recruiting nationals of a foreign country to manage most of the operations of a subsidiary of a multinational co rporation. Under this approach, the subsidiary tends to be autonomous and develops its own policies. At Home Furniture, nationals of foreign countries normally hold midlevel management positions. An expatriate usually heads a subsidiary of the firm in the early years. The polycentric approach is beneficial to Home Furniture since it facilitates implementation of the firm’s sales and marketing policies. Since Home Furniture’s subsidiaries develop their own marketing policies, the company finds it important to recruit locals who have adequate market knowledge. However, the use of a polycentric approach has also created problems for the company. In particular, there are cultural conflicts between the subsidiaries and the headquarters. For instance, the headquarters and the US subsidiary have different views on teamwork. Solving such cultural conflicts call for the formulation of policies that promote harmony between the subsidiaries and the headquarters.Advertising L ooking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, cultural conflicts can not be solved through a single policy. Thus, a multi-dimensional approach should be adopted to enhance harmony in a multinational corporation. The new CEO of Home Furniture can consider the following policies as she operates and recruit staff in different countries. Given the autonomous nature of Home furniture’s subsidiaries, the new CEO should consistently follow the polycentric approach in hiring staff. Staff selection is fundamental when forming a multicultural workforce. The human resources department must focus on selecting the right individuals to hold key positions with the company. Thus, it will be important to identify the desired characteristics of the workforce. For example, the firm can focus on hiring managers who can tolerate cultural differences. The identified characteristics should be used to s creen all potential employees during the selection process. Performance evaluation should, generally, be guided by the company’s overall human resource strategy. However, the actual performance evaluation process should be based on local procedures. The managers and the local staff should agree on acceptable targets and the procedure for evaluating performance. Empirical studies reveal that comparability and costs are the main determinants of remuneration and benefits in multinational corporations. The salaries paid to the employees should be comparable, both within the firm and in the industry. Additionally, the salaries should not strain the company’s revenues. A remuneration and benefits policy that reflects the expectations of the local employees is likely to be accepted. In contrary, a remuneration policy that is based on the expectations of the headquarters is likely to be rejected since it might contravene the local labor laws, and the expectations of labor unio ns. In order to promote harmony between the headquarters and the subsidiaries, the new CEO should adopt an open culture policy. An open culture policy encourages employees to accept and appreciate their cultural differences. Formulating an open culture policy requires learning about the cultures of employees in various subsidiaries. This will help the CEO and the management to identify the cultural practices that are valued by local employees. Consequently, it will be possible to adapt the organization’s strategy to the local culture. For instance, staff and unions in the US subsidiary believed in negotiating organizational matters instead of a top-down approach to decision making. In such situations, the CEO should recognize the importance of negotiations to US employees in order to avoid conflicts.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Cross Culture Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More An effectiv e communication system within the organization is fundamental for the implementation of an open culture policy. The norms of communication should be established in advance to guide interaction among employees. According to Hofstede’s culture dimensions, individualism determines the extent to which employees can interact and share information about their cultures. Countries with high individualism scores are associated with little cohesion and interpersonal connection. Countries with a low individualism scores, on the other hand, are associated with strong group cohesion, respect for others and loyalty to the team. In order to promote cohesion among employees in countries with high individualism scores, the New CEO should encourage the management to acknowledge accomplishments of local staff. Additionally, â€Å"debate and expression of personal opinions† should be encouraged in order to promote understanding among the employees. Since perfect harmony can not be achieve d in a multicultural organization such as Home Furniture, the new CEO should adopt a conflict resolution policy to help in solving any conflicts that might arise between the local staff and the headquarters. The conflict resolution policy should address the following issues. First, there should be consensus on how various conflicts should be handled. Second, it must identify the parties to be involved in the resolution process. For instance, in China and Tunisia non-governmental organizations are actively involved in employees’ issues such work conditions and remuneration. In such countries, employees are likely to accept a conflict resolution team that includes members of organizations that fight for their rights. Third, the local employees and the management at the headquarters should agree on the communication channel to be used when resolving a conflict. The selected communication method should reflect the employees’ cultural make-up. Empirical studies revel that c ross-cultural competency can be enhanced through effective employee training and development. Such training programs help in creating organizational cultures that take into account the cultural make-up of the local staff and the perspectives or expectations of the headquarters. A widely accepted organizational culture facilitates consistent implementation of strategy across all subsidiaries. Thus, an effective policy should be put in place to guide cross-cultural training programs at Home Furniture. The cross-cultural training policy should address the following issues. First, the policy should encourage the managers to value the cross-cultural training programs. The top managers at the headquarters should understand that training foreign employees on the parent country’s (Finland) business culture is an important strategy. Thus, accountability and ownership should be promoted in order to effectively implement the training strategy. Second, cross-cultural training should be a team effort that involves all stakeholders.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Outside experts, employees’ leaders, managers from subsidiaries and managers from the headquarters should be involved in developing the training model. Team effort will not only improve the quality of the training, but will also improve its acceptance. Third, cross-cultural training should be bilateral. This means that the employees in overseas subsidiaries should be trained on the business culture of the parent country. The employees from the parent country, on the other hand, should be trained on the business culture in foreign countries where the subsidiaries are located. Fourth, cross-cultural training should be incorporated in the process of employee orientation. New recruits at the headquarters should be trained on the business cultures in overseas subsidiaries. New employees in the subsidiaries should also learn about the business culture in Finland where Home Furniture’s headquarters is located. Finally, cross-cultural training programs should be reinforced wit h mentoring initiatives in order to ensure success. Mangers from both Finland (headquarters) and the foreign countries where the subsidiaries are located should be involved in the mentoring program. Mentoring programs promote high performance through commitment to the organization’s expectations and culture. Thus, it will encourage teamwork and tolerance to cultural differences among employees. Communication Strategy Cross cultural communication is concerned with how individuals from different cultures communicate among themselves and in other cultures. From a business perspective, cross culture communication â€Å"refers to interpersonal communication and interaction across different cultures†. Cross culture communication attempts to overcome cultural differences that prevent interaction in a multicultural workforce. Competency in cross cultural communication can be achieved through training, culture immersion and learning new languages. As a multinational corporation , Home Furniture should have an effective communication strategy to enhance interaction among the employees and to facilitate implementation of its business strategies. In developing a communication strategy for Home Furniture, the new CEO can consider the following guidelines. To begin with, developing a communication strategy starts with the formulation of the organization’s communication objectives. In this case, the objectives describe what the organization intends to achieve through its communication strategy. For instance, Home Furniture’s communication objectives could be to achieve cultural tolerance or to improve performance. The communication strategy should be driven by the needs of the organization rather than the employees’ need to communicate with each other. This means that the communication activities at Home Furniture should be a means of achieving strategic goals and objectives. This calls for aligning the communication objectives with those of the organization. Such alignments form the basis for justifying the need for a communication strategy and facilitate the success of the business. Once the communication objectives are set, the audience must be identified. In this context, the audience refers to the employees that the new CEO and other managers need to communicate with in order to achieve the objectives of Home Furniture. Identifying the correct audience helps in answering the question, ‘who should be consulted with what decisions’? Integration and cooperation in a multicultural workforce requires effective reporting relationships. Such relationships facilitate contribution of every employee towards achievement of the organization’s goals. In order to establish reporting relationships, decision rights should be identified and explained to every employee. Decision rights specify the authorities entrusted with the task of making decisions. The decision rights and reporting relationships should refl ect the cultures of the local employees. According to Hofstede’s power/distance culture dimension, some cultures tolerate inequality while others do not. A country with a high power/ distance score is likely to have citizens who tolerate uneven distribution of power. However, citizens in countries with low power/distance scores prefer equal distribution of power. Thus, in countries with high power/distance scores, decisions can be unilaterally made by the management since consultations are not valued. In this case, the management will be the audience. In countries with low power/distance scores, the management must consult as many employees as possible before making a decision. In this case, the audience may include the management and junior employees. The communication strategy should help the CEO to identify the messages to send to various managers and other employees. Strategic targeting, as well as, consistency should be emphasized when creating and conveying messages wit hin the organization. The message should be comprehensive, informative and sent to the right individuals within the organization. Hofstede developed the uncertainty avoidance index (UAI) to measure the level of anxiety under uncertain situations in different cultures. In the context of a multicultural organization like Home Furniture, uncertainty can arise if messages are not clear to the recipients. According to Hofstede, a high UAI score means that members of the society will try as much as possible to avoid ambiguous situations. Law, order and a collective truth tend to prevail in countries with high UAI scores. A low UAI score implies that citizens appreciate differences, and are less concerned with ambiguity. Thus, in countries with high UAI scores, messages should be planned, prepared and communicated regularly. Additionally, the messages should be communicated to the employees in time in order to avoid anxiety. The messages should be concise and clearly specify the expectatio ns of the management. Societies with high UAI scores tend to prefer formal business conduct and policies. Thus, all messages should be based on existing policies. Additionally, a formal structure will be necessary to convey messages in a country with high UAI scores. Societies with low UAI scores tend to prefer informal business attitudes. Risks and change are also accepted in such societies. Thus, creating and sending messages within the organization should not be based on strict rules and structures. Given the differences in uncertainty avoidance levels, the process of creating and sharing messages should be aligned to the business cultures of the subsidiaries. Appropriate tools and activities for communicating the organization’s messages should be identified. Home Furniture’s new CEO should identify the communication channels and activities that are suitable to convey important messages to the targeted audiences. The selection of appropriate communication channels i s determined by the message to be conveyed and the targeted audience. For instance, audiences from societies with a high UAI score tend to prefer formal communication channels. Audiences from societies with low UAI score, on the other hand, tend to be comfortable with informal communication channels. Understanding and embracing cross cultural differences require elimination of cultural barriers that hinder effective communication. Thus, there should be flexibility when choosing a communication channel or the communication activities to be used to convey important messages. The importance of flexibility is based on the premise that long term commitments to traditions vary across cultures. According to Hofstede, a high long term orientation (LTO) score means that people have long term commitments to their traditions. In such situations, focusing on the traditional communication channel will be beneficial to Home Furniture. However, societies with low LTO scores do not value traditions . In such situations, Home Furniture can easily change the communication channels in order to meet its strategic objectives. The CEO and the managers of Home Furniture should be open-minded and able to adapt their communication channels to prevailing cultures. Adequate resources must be allocated for the implementation of the communication strategy. Additionally, the communication strategy should be implemented within the set timelines. The idea is to avoid overspending in implementing the communication strategy. Finally, the communication strategy should be evaluated and amended accordingly over time. Communication audits should be performed in order to measure the effectiveness of the strategy. Communication audits can be performed through surveys or interviews that involve internal, as well as, external audiences of the firm. An independent or external party can be contracted to perform the audit in order to avoid biases in the evaluation process. The evaluation results should be discussed by the relevant stakeholders and used to improve the communication strategy. Conclusion Cross culture management attempts to enhance understanding and appreciation of cultural differences in organizations. Managing a multicultural workforce is usually a challenge to multinational corporations such as Home Furniture. The disagreements between the management of Home Furniture and its employees in subsidiaries across the globe are attributed to cultural conflicts. Consequently, the New CEO at Home Furniture must develop policies that will help in reducing cultural conflicts. Appropriate employment policies will help the New CEO to select employees who tolerate cultural differences. An effective cross cultural training policy will help in creating awareness about cultures of various stakeholders at Home Furniture. Additional, the training programs will encourage culture tolerance. The new CEO should also adopt an open culture policy in order to promote integration and coopera tion among employees. Promoting harmony and achievement of the organization’s objectives requires implementation of an effective communication strategy. In order to achieve success, the objectives of the communication strategy should be aligned to those of the organization. References Holden, N., 2002. Cross-Cultural Management. New York: McGraw-Hill. Johann, R., 2008. Cross-Cultural Management. New York: John Wiley and Sons. Majur, K., 2010. Positive Organizational Culture as a New trend in Cross-Cultural Management. Journal of Positive Management 1(2), pp.65-74. McCalman, J., 2009. Lateral Hierarchy: The Case of Cross-Cultural Management Teams. European Management Journal 14(5), pp.509-517. Shimoni, B., 2011. The Representation of Culture in Interactions and Cross Culture Management. Journal of International Management 17(1), pp.30-41. Thomas, D., 2008. Cross-Cultural Management. New York: Cengage Learning. Tjosvold, D., 2003. Cross-Cultural Management. New York: Ashgate Pu blishing. Usanier, J., 2011. Lenguage as a Resource to Access Cross-Cultural Equivalence in Quantitative Management Research. Journal of World Business 46(3), pp.314-319. This case study on Cross Culture Management was written and submitted by user Giovani I. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Cross Culture Management

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